Ethical Decisions in Business Essay - 2256 Words

Throughout the ages businesses have developed through technological advancements and innovative ideas but there has always been a common struggle that they are faced with, ethical decisions. Everywhere we look there is some level of ethical deterioration (Norman V. Peale, 1988), immoral millions made through inside trading information, a day hardly passes without the head of some major organisation who has been involved in some aspect of an ethical dilemma. This essay will break down why businesses struggle with ethical decisions but before examining such a sensitive issue we must understand what an ethical decision really is. Within the process of decision making, ethics are the personal standards of right and wrong. They become the basis†¦show more content†¦The element of outcome is an influencing factor in how ethical decisions are made, the theorists of fifty years ago such as Levitt(1958) and Friedman(1962) shared the view that the only outcome that is valuable to anal yse is whether the business made a profit or not (Gà ¶ran Svenssona, 2009). This is the approach many businesses still take to an extent today and is a reason for the struggle with ethical decisions and especially now with the arrival of such things as corporate social responsibility and corporate governance which point out the shift in the modern day business world. In order to apply some degree of sustainability into their everyday practises, businesses must work at becoming a good corporate citizen for long-term viability in their particular field so that their negative business reputation does not affect their dealings in the future. The question is does becoming a good corporate citizen conflict with the performance of the business. This is debateable, whichever way you turn there are arguments to be had and instances where profits could be made at the detriment of human ethics. Looking at this idea it becomes clear that making ethical decisions is increasingly difficult as i n some cases businesses must choose what they see as the greater importance and what they value more, profits and a successful business or human ethics. In business, the conflict betweenShow MoreRelatedEthical Decision Making in Business639 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween the demands of the workplace and those of their families and other personal responsibilities. In a bid to meet targets and other organizational goals and objectives, business executives in addition to traveling extensively also tend to dedicate long hours to office work. Discussion When analyzing situations from an ethical perspective, one is likely to be confronted by a number of questions. For instance, which criteria should one use to differentiate between dehumanizing actions and actionsRead MoreEthical Decision Making In Business1169 Words   |  5 Pageswrong when a conflict arises, but it is our moral responsibility to resolve the dilemmas to the best of our ability. This paper is going to explore the topic of ethical decision-making and establish ground rules for the process and analyze possible ethical implications that may arise. What are the ground rules? Making an ethical decision, at times, can be extremely difficult, as emotions tend to hinder ones judgment. For example, if a husband came upon his wife being beat to death, his first impulseRead More Ethical and Moral Decisions in Business Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesEthical and Moral Decisions in Business Ethics alone tend to be defined as a moral code of conduct that is perceived to be the right thing to do. An ethical decision means doing what is right, as apposed to assessing the most profitable course of action. In the past, free market ideology was that corporations were kept responsible to customers, shareholders, workers and society by customer and investor behavior, seen in share price. Millions of individual â€Å"voters†Read MoreEthical Decision Making : Business Ethics And Social Responsibility1295 Words   |  6 Pages Ethical Decision-Making De’Ambre Zanders OMM640: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility (MOH1616A) Instructor: Dr. Maja Zelihic May 1, 2016 Abstract In any type of business, ethical decision-making is usually at the forefront of company operations. It shapes the foundation of a company and gives employees a moral compass as to what is expected of them ethically. Ethical-decision making prevents individuals from profiting from their own personal methods, while representingRead MoreWeek 8 - Making Ethical Decisions in Business2222 Words   |  9 Pagesunconventional. Beginning with its founder, Jack Ma, who gained global celebrity status these past 10 days, as his image became ubiquitous on business news channels and media outlets across America. We got to know Jack Ma before the onslaught, beginning over a year ago in China, where he talked with us about his relationship with the Chinese government, and his unorthodox business philosophy, which surprisingly, gives shareholders almost no say over how he runs the company. Jack Ma: If you want to invest inRead MoreEssay on Chapter 6 Business Ethics and Ethical Decision Making1278 Words   |  6 Pagesadvantages and disadvantages of each decision that Elaine has made. a. 1st decision Graphic, Inc. loan of $10 million. Graphco was a tobacco firm embroiled in litigation concerning the promotion of its products to children. Elaine based her decision by Moral Philosophies which refers to the specific principals or rules that people use to decide what is right or wrong (Ferrell, Fraedrich, Ferrell, Ninth Edition Business Ethics, p 153). The advantage to this decision is she did what she felt was morallyRead MoreBusiness Ethics, The `` Gray `` : Ethical Theories That Will Make The Decision Easier For Her Dilemma1103 Words   |  5 PagesIn business ethics, the â€Å"gray† areas are the toughest aspects that don’t have a clear right or wrong answer, but the reaction of the other party can have a potential negative impact on the business itself. Ethically, Jill will want to avoid the negative consequences as much as possible to avoid a conflict with William Potter and Henry. Objectively reviewing Henry delegated from William to Jill wil l have huge implications as the review moves forth. In making the decision, Jill will answer the questionRead MoreEthics in the Workplace1201 Words   |  5 PagesClassical and Contemporary Ethical Philosophies Ethical philosophies served as guide for people in the workplace to make moral decisions in conducting business. There are classical normative ethical philosophies as well as contemporary ethical philosophies being used. They have been applied in the different levels or dimensions of the business organizations. People do know that there are business organizations that have disregarded ethical standards and encounters ethical issues inside their companyRead MoreEthics and Profits of an Organization843 Words   |  3 Pagesorganization that is business oriented is in place to realize profits. Most of the corporations in the United States that are in existence were started on the basis of profit making. This means that the main reason why the corporations exist is so that the owners can get returns from their investment. Business ethics involves the application of ethics to business behavior and the decision making process in the business setting. The connection between business ethics and decision making comes aboutRead MoreMaking A Business Decision For Any Ceo Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesMaking a business decision for any CEO is easy, the main principle is to keep the shareholders happy by generating more revenue. The more money a company earns the more attractive it looks to the pote ntial investor. Now, from history, we have learned that every CEO is not created equal and some use bad business practices to earn more revenue. So, laws were created to set guidelines, companies started to use risk assessment to see if a decision would lead to any legal recourse that would make them

The Civil Rights Act Of 1964 - 1702 Words

My mother was a police officer for almost twenty years. Women have long been subject to, and the subject of, discrimination. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 originally did not include gender in the bill’s wording. Were it not for a backhanded comment made in jest by a backward congressman, women would not have been afforded equal rights protection in employment (Freeman, 1991; 2004). President Harry Truman inaugurated the legal Civil Rights Movement. Though people of color had long been yearning and fighting for their rights, President Truman began this legal process nationally in the year 1948 by signing Executive Order 9981 that mandated; It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment†¦show more content†¦The word, â€Å"sex†, was suggested by Chairman of the Rules Committee, Congressman Howard W. Smith as a joke, and was intended to kill the bill. Smith was a white segregationist from the State of Virginia. Tha t he did not use the addition of women to the bill to champion their equality, but rather used the addition of â€Å"sex† to disparage the equal rights movement shows that women were thought of as less deserving of equality than were people of color. Chairman of the Judiciary Committee, Emanuel Celler, said that the amendment was unnecessary because he and his wife had gotten along splendidly for 50 years. He said, I usually have the last two words, and those words are Yes, dear (Gold, 2011). Female Representatives became very incensed at the farce the men were creating as to including their gender in the bill. Congresswoman Martha Griffiths stated, â€Å"If anyone doubted that women were second class citizens, the laughter would have proved it.† Southern segregationist representatives began to support the bill, mostly in response to Congressman George Andrews’s assertion that â€Å"Unless this amendment is adopted, the white woman of this country would be dr astically discriminated against in favor of a Negro woman! Women were second-class citizens as a whole, and women of color were mere chattel. The bill incited the longest filibuster in the history of Congress, and a vote had to be taken to end the ranting against the Civil Rights Act. President Lyndon B. Johnson

Political Marketing Political Parties

Question: Discuss about the Political Marketingfor Political Parties. Answer: Introduction Political Marketing (Baines, 2011) has become the integral function of a political process. Heads of states, politicians, political parties, government departments make use of such marketing approaches to attain their political objectives. Market research is applied to get hold of the requirement of the target audience i.e. the voters that they serve or plan to influence and design their policies accordingly. Voter profiling enables the creation of segments and sub- segments to focus while campaigning. Strategy helps the generation of a political brand to grow and build an image which will create a unique brand positioning in the minds of the voters. There are two aspects of the political marketing i.e. External and Internal. While external marketing focuses on the voters, the internal marketing generates the support and involvement of the party workers. Political marketing (Baines, 2011) increases students employability and compatibility for various jobs and opportunities with organizations. It enables students to grow intellectually and understand the way marketing is applied in the political environment. The student also gains an analytical and a wider perspective of the marketing and politics. The features of political marketing (Lilleker, Lees-Marshment, 2009) are similar to the traditional form of marketing. It involves the devising, designing and implementation of programs to attain the goal of increasing the alliance to the party, candidate or a political manifesto within various electoral groups. It is the gross amount of techniques used by political organizations to influence the voters. The market study is similar to that in the commercial field though the characteristics of data vary as it concerns political inclinations of the voters, public impression of the parties and their leaders, voting mindset and peculiar electoral process. Similar to their corporate counterparts the political leaders influence the mindset, feelings, and beliefs of the voters to get their alignment. Source: Aguirre Garcia M.S. :Marketing en sectores especificos Ediciones Piramide, Madrid. 2000, p.237 Even though we might like to believe that the electorate votes basis the political manifesto (O'Shaughnessy, Henneberg, 2002) that each candidate puts forward to the public at the time of elections but on the contrary, our actions of voting for a particular candidate is influenced by the marketing campaigns of the political parties. The various strategies used these days by the parties to form the opinion of the voters include talk shows and presentations, Public Relations, door to door campaigning, mailers, leaflets, billboards and extensive use of radio, print and communication. The first step in starting a political marketing campaign (Budge, Robertson, Hearl, 2008) is developing a narrative which is basically like a resume of the leader explaining his background, family, culture, personality, beliefs and other traits to help the voters understand whom they are voting. If we go back to the US Presidential election of 2008 the two candidates, namely Barrack Obama and John McCain had contrasting narratives. While Obama claimed to be a political outsider who promised a new and fresh approach in bringing a real change in the country whereas on the other hand, McCain banked on his background as a war veteran who had made sacrifices for his country. These narratives were the basis of the further marketing campaigns of both parties. It should be believable (CAMPBELL, 2005) and the voters should be able to relate to the same and is an extremely import aspect to start a political campaign. It is like creating a branding strategy and very similar to a company or a p roduct branding strategy. In this, the leader or the political party (Wattenberg, 2004) becomes a brand. A very familiar example in the current times is that of Indian Prime Minister Narender Modi (Jaffrelot, 2015) who has become a brand in himself for Bhartiya Janata Party. Even during the state elections, his name is being promoted to fight the party elections. In the current environment, the strategies(Smith, 2005) employed these days by political parties is social media marketing i.e. use of Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp to reach the masses. With the popularity and advent of digital marketing, a variety of online tools are used to promote the candidates, increase the awareness of issues, asking for votes and seeing opinion on the manifesto of the parties. One of the techniques used by parties to reach the voter base is by creating a Facebook page which allows them to reach a large number of voters by inviting them for events, status updates, messages and communicating the views of the party leaders. Digital media can also be segmented (Scholvin, 2016) to spread different messages to a different set of voters by geography, caste, color or religion. This technique was employed by Donald Trump in the recent Presidential Elections and was seen as the reason for his success. His marketing team had thoroughly researched the needs of voters by geo graphy, blacks vs. whites, American vs. non-Americans and used messages to address each of these segments. Hillary Clinton on the other hand completely failed to use this strategy and even though the media thought that she would win but she failed miserably at the ground level to reach the masses with segmented messages. Though the Facebook Page allows you access to a large no of voters aligned to the party or a candidate, it does not allow you to expand your reach to others which are effectively done through the use of viral memes and videos of speeches shared through the digital mediums. The political parties create funny videos, jokes, caricatures of their own and opposition leaders to increase awareness of issues and attract the attention of the voters. These were used very effectively by Trump and even by Modi (Jaffrelot, 2015) in their election campaigns. Another important strategy in political marketing (Lees-Marshment, 2015) is negative campaigning. Winning the elections is all about getting more votes against your opponent which is achieved by either taking positive about oneself or negative about your opponent. It is fairly common to see mudslinging being done by parties on either the beliefs or even the character of the leaders contesting the election. The usual negative campaign is Ads of parties or during rallies, the leaders talking about opponents wrong policies, nefarious past and failures. While this may seem unethical to do but on the other hand if the facts are correct it exposes the real picture of the opponents and their parties which the voters may not be otherwise aware. It becomes an important reason for the change in the mindset as the voting draws near and can completely sway the opinion. In the presidential elections, Hillary Clinton spoke of Trumps disrespect for women and his adverse remarks against them in vari ous forums which were quickly picked up by the media and tabloids and became a topic of discussion. Negative campaign is launched through Ads on TV and print mediums, political debates and extensive use of social media. However, the negative campaign cannot succeed in isolation unless it is supported by positive campaigns of the partys beliefs and history. Even though the younger generation responds better to social media and television (Lange, Ward, 2004) but still a large population can be reached through the old marketing strategies of direct mail. The Direct Mail involves extensive use of leaflets and brochures which can be hand-delivered to voters through newspapers inserts or distributed in malls, parks, and other hangout locations or even use of direct mailers. Leaflets are used as a micro marketing tool to reach a certain section of the population within a town or city. The leaflets, signboards, hoarding, cutouts and yard signs are the tools which are used in a particular area to influence the voters. On the other hand, the media platforms like TV, Print, and Radio attract mass voters and are used by political marketers. It is common to see various channels inviting debates from public or calling upon leaders for a face off in open forums to talk about their manifesto and try and impress the voters or viewers. These tools can be used to earn a mass publicity for the leader or the political party. Political marketing helped Donald Trump (Lees-Marshment, Conley, Cosgrove, 2014) win the 2016 elections. He devised an Offer Package of increase employability and public safety to American citizens. This message was effectively created and delivered to all segments of American voters, who were made to realize the necessity of the above two missing in their lives due to the failures of the successive previous governments. The slogan was loud and clear Make America Great Again. So the strategic tool applied here was to create a need and promise to fulfill the same through change. On the other hand his competitors mainly Hillary Clinton could not create such need. He positioned himself as a successful brand and capitalized on his success as a businessman and communicated a direct and consistent appeal to the voters to believe in his ability to reposition America as a successful country. Trump used negative campaigns and showed his competitors in poor light and their inability to create a satisfactory solution for the economic and societal problems of America, and at the same time, he juxtaposed himself as the sole alternative who could bring the much-needed change for the Americans. References Baines, P. (2011).Political marketing(1st ed.). London: SAGE. Budge, I., Robertson, D., Hearl, D. (2008).Ideology, strategy and party change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. CAMPBELL, J. (2005). The fundamentals in US presidential elections: Public opinion, the economy and incumbency in the 2004 presidential election.Journal Of Elections, Public Opinion Parties,15(1), 73-83. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13689880500064619 Jaffrelot, C. (2015). The Modi-centric BJP 2014 election campaign: new techniques and old tactics.Contemporary South Asia,23(2), 151-166. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2015.1027662 Lange, B., Ward, D. (2004).The media and elections. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Lees-Marshment, J. (2015).Political marketing game. [Place of publication not identified]: Palgrave Macmillan. Lees-Marshment, J., Conley, B., Cosgrove, K. (2014).Political Marketing in the United States. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Lilleker, D., Lees-Marshment, J. (2009).Political marketing. Manchester: Manchester University Press. O'Shaughnessy, N., Henneberg, S. (2002).The idea of political marketing. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. Scholvin, S. (2016). Geographical conditions and political outcomes.Comparative Strategy,35(4), 274-283. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2016.1222840 Smith, G. (2005). Positioning Political Parties: The 2005 UK General Election.Journal Of Marketing Management,21(9-10), 1135-1149. https://dx.doi.org/10.1362/026725705775194184 Wattenberg, M. (2004). Elections: Personal Popularity in U.S. Presidential Elections.Presidential Studies Quarterly,34(1), 143-155. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2004.00040.x

Diabetes And Physical Activity Essay Example For Students

Diabetes And Physical Activity Essay Health implications of diabetes type I Physical Activity What is physical activity? Why do we need physical activity in our lives? Physical Activity and Diabetes (Epidemiology) For our seminar topic physical activity and disease we chose diabetes as the focus of our research. Since diabetes is such a complex disease with many different forms, we decided to focus on diabetes type I. This is known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This type of diabetes includes people who are dependant on injections of insulin on a daily basis in order to satisfy the bodies insulin needs, they cannot survive without these injections. OVERVIEW OF DIABETES TYPE I What is diabetes type I? In order to understand the disease we firstly need to know about insulin. OVERVIEW OF DIABETES TYPE I What is diabetes type I? In order to understand the disease we firstly need to know about insulin. Insulin is a hormone. The role of insulin is to convert the food we eat into various useful substances, discarding everything that is wasteful. It is the job of insulin to see that the useful substances are put to best use for our well-being. The useful substances are used for building cells, are made ready for immediate expenditure as energy and also stored for later energy expenditure. The cause of diabetes is an absolute or lack of the hormone insulin. As a result of this lack of insulin the processes that involve converting the foods we eat into various useful substances does not occur. Insulin comes from the beta cells which are located in the pancreas. In the case of diabetes type I almost all of the beta cells have been destroyed. Therefore daily injections of insulin become essential to life. Health implications of diabetes type I One of the products that is of vital importance in our bodies is glucose, a simple carbohydrate sugar which is needed by virtually every part of our body as fuel to function. Insulin controls the amount of glucose distributed to vital organs and also the muscles. In diabetics due to the lack of insulin and therefore the control of glucose given to different body parts they face death if they dont inject themselves with insulin daily. Since strict monitoring of diabetes is needed for the control of the disease, little room is left for carelessness. As a result diabetic patients are susceptible to many other diseases and serious conditions if a proper course of treatment is not followed. Other diseases a diabetic is open to: Cardiovascular disease, stroke, Peripheral artery disease, gangrene, kidney disease, blindness, hypertension, nerve damage, impotence etc. Basically there is an increased incident of infection in diabetic sufferers. Therefore special care needs to be taken to decrease the chances of getting these other serious diseases. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY What is physical activity? (Bouchard 1988) States that physical activity is any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles resulting in energy expenditure. Therefore this includes sports and leisure activities of all forms. Why do we need physical activity in our lives? Physical activity and exercise helps tune the human machine, our bodies. Imagine a car constantly driven only to stop for fuel. It would be a client for all sorts of damage, rusting, oil leaking, dehydration and the chances are most likely it would die in the middle of the road not long after. This is what the body would be like if we didnt exercise at all. We would be and as a result of todays lifestyle many of us are, the perfect target to all kinds of diseases and infections. For those of us who are carrier of some disease or illness we are still encouraged to exercise by our physicians if we have the strength to. This is to help make our organs, muscles, bones and arteries more efficient and better equipped to fight against the disease or illness. This is our way of counter attacking. And if we are still healthy then we reduce the chances of getting an illness or a disease. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIABETES (EPIDEMIOLOGY) .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .postImageUrl , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:hover , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:visited , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:active { border:0!important; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:active , .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66da2e3ab06a23831f4a85bc07dcb39c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alternative Medicine EssayRecently insulin injections have become available to dependant patients. However in the pre-insulin era physical exercise was one of the few therapies available to physicians in combating diabetes. For an IDDM carrier to benefit from exercise they need to be well aware of their body and the consequences of exercising. If an IDDM carrier has no real control over their situation and just exercise without considering their diet, time of insulin intake, type of exercise, duration of the exercise and the intensity, then the results can be very hazardous to the patient. In the first journal article that I used for this part of .

Jay-Z Interview free essay sample

Terry Gross interview with the world famous rapper Jay-Z. It was originally broadcasted on the 16th November 2010 on the radio program Fresh Air. Jay-Z Is well known for his contribution to the rap music but aside of that hes also a successful entrepreneur. He was born in the late asss and raised in a housing project In Brooklyn. Sadly he had to experience a very tough childhood. One where his father left him at a very young age.His Interest In music mainly came from the ones of MS and Steve Wonder and his first rhymes was very old-school but still quite advanced and academic He got a worldliest as a present from his mother which helped him develop as he used It to learn himself new and more advanced words. As a result of his mothers struggle to pay the bills, Jay-z brought crack Into his neighborhood at the age of 12. We will write a custom essay sample on Jay-Z Interview or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, this was not unusual among his blocks since the streets where constantly flooded with drugs In every possible form.It was simply is way of making money. The Journey from the streets Into the recording studios was difficult. Many had there doubts and sometimes even himself, he didnt believe that he had what it required. He described it as he had one foot in and one foot out. But eventually rap became his hustling. It dont think that Jay-z would be where he is today if it wasnt for the tough conditions that the streets of Brooklyn had to offer. He also has his mother to thank. Anyhow, I think that the story of Jay-z is truly inspiring.

Free Essays on Abstract Expressionism

Abstract Expressionism Abstract Expressionism is a modern art movement that flowered in America after the Second World War and held power until the dawn of Pop Art in the1960's. With this movement New York replaced Paris as the center of the art world. Abstract Expressionism has its roots in other earlier 20th century art movements such as Cubism and Surrealism that promoted abstraction rather than representation. The psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Carl Jung provided the intellectual context in this quest for new subject matter. Abstract Expressionism is a form of art in which the artist expresses himself purely through the use of form and color. It is form of non-representational, or non-objective, art, which means that there are no concrete objects represented. This movement of abstract painting that emerged in New York City during the mid-1940s and attained singular prominence in American art in the following decade; also called action painting and the New York school. It was the first important school in American painting to declare its independence from European styles and to influence the development of art abroad. â€Å"Arshile Gorky first gave impetus to the movement. His paintings, derived at first from the art of Picasso, Mirà ³, and surrealism, became more personally expressive. Jackson Pollock's turbulent yet elegant abstract paintings, which were created by spattering paint on huge canvases placed on the floor, brought abstract expressionism before a hostile public. Willem de Kooning's first one-man show in 1948 established him as a highly influential artist. His intensely complicated abstract paintings of the 1940s were followed by images of Woman, grotesque versions of buxom womanhood, which were virtually unparalleled in the sustained savagery of their execution.† Other important artists were Hans Hofmann and Robert Motherwell. A painter such as Philip Guston and Franz Kline turned to the abstract late in... Free Essays on Abstract Expressionism Free Essays on Abstract Expressionism abstract expressionism movement in painting that emerged in New York City in the mid-1940s and attained prominence in American art in the following decade; also called action painting and the New York School. Given impetus by the work of Arshile GORKY, abstract expressionism is marked by an attention to surface qualities, i.e., brushstroke and texture; the use of huge canvases; the harnessing of accidents that occur while painting; and the glorification of the act of painting itself. The first important school in American painting to declare independence from European styles and to influence art abroad, abstract expressionism enormously affected the kinds of art that followed it, especially in the use of color and material. Major artists in the movement include Jackson POLLOCK, Willem DE KOONING, Hans HOFMANN, Robert MOTHERWELL, Franz KLINE, and Mark ROTHKO. Abstract Expressionism Abstract Expressionism, movement in mid-20th-century painting that was primarily concerned with the spontaneous assertion of the individual through the act of painting. The movement contains a variety of styles and is characterized more by the concepts behind the art than by a specific look. Generally, abstract expressionist art is without recognizable images and does not adhere to the limits of conventional form. The roots of abstract expressionism are in the totally nonfigurative work of the Russian-born painter Wassily Kandinsky and that of the surrealists (see Surrealism), who deliberately used the subconscious and spontaneity in creative activity. The arrival in New York City during World War II (1939-1945) of such avant-garde European painters as Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp, Marc Chagall, and Yves Tanguy inspired the use of abstract expressionism among American painters in the 1940s and 1950s. American painters were also influenced by the subjective abstractions of the Armenian-born painter Arshile Gorky, who had immigrated to the United States in 1... Free Essays on Abstract Expressionism Abstract Expressionism Abstract Expressionism is a modern art movement that flowered in America after the Second World War and held power until the dawn of Pop Art in the1960's. With this movement New York replaced Paris as the center of the art world. Abstract Expressionism has its roots in other earlier 20th century art movements such as Cubism and Surrealism that promoted abstraction rather than representation. The psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Carl Jung provided the intellectual context in this quest for new subject matter. Abstract Expressionism is a form of art in which the artist expresses himself purely through the use of form and color. It is form of non-representational, or non-objective, art, which means that there are no concrete objects represented. This movement of abstract painting that emerged in New York City during the mid-1940s and attained singular prominence in American art in the following decade; also called action painting and the New York school. It was the first important school in American painting to declare its independence from European styles and to influence the development of art abroad. â€Å"Arshile Gorky first gave impetus to the movement. His paintings, derived at first from the art of Picasso, Mirà ³, and surrealism, became more personally expressive. Jackson Pollock's turbulent yet elegant abstract paintings, which were created by spattering paint on huge canvases placed on the floor, brought abstract expressionism before a hostile public. Willem de Kooning's first one-man show in 1948 established him as a highly influential artist. His intensely complicated abstract paintings of the 1940s were followed by images of Woman, grotesque versions of buxom womanhood, which were virtually unparalleled in the sustained savagery of their execution.† Other important artists were Hans Hofmann and Robert Motherwell. A painter such as Philip Guston and Franz Kline turned to the abstract late in...

Cuban Revolution of 1959 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cuban Revolution of 1959 - Research Paper Example Varadero and Havana were the Rich and Famous’ resort and casinos, gambling as well as prostitution, were commonplace. Most Cubans particularly on the rural areas however lived in an environment of atrocious repression and they experienced extreme poverty, they were uneducated and there were many illnesses among them among them. Cuban dictator Batista was in power during this time and his regime was very cruel and the peasants greatly suffered under this very difficult political situation, which greatly concerned Fidel Castro and he started planning on overthrowing Batista’s dictatorship (Habanera, 1). The Cuban Revolution started with the Moncada Barracks’ failed attack by Fidel Castro together with his brother Raul, on July 26, 1953. Castro expected the soldiers of Batista to be inebriated and stuporous when his revolutionary’s band would surprise them at dawn. He had 160 men and prepared them to attack the barracks’ main post. However, they ex perienced a terrific failure at Moncada and Batista forces either killed or captured almost all of the rebels. Together with the members of his band, Fidel Castro was arrested and they underwent trial and were convicted. During his trial on October 16, 1953, Castro presented a famous speech entitled History Will Absolve Me as a legal defense of himself, which became a major revolutionary document (Faria, 4 ). Faria further explains that the presiding judge specifically sentenced them to be imprisoned in the terrible old fortress prison of La Cabana where they would serve a sentence of fifteen years. However, Ramon Hermida, the Cuban Minister of the Interior, directed that they be sent to the newest Modelo Prison where they were treated favorably as political prisoners. After two years only, Batista pardoned Castro and his conspirators in a general amnesty release as a sign of national reconciliation. His supporters welcomed him as a hero and he organized his followers and formed the 26th of July Movement, in remembrance of Moncada attacks, before running away to Mexico for his safety, where he started training an army in preparation to wage a guerilla war against his rival Batista (Jacob & Wong, 3). During the same time during which the 26th of July Movement was created, various groups also increased their endeavors against the government of Batista – groups such as those connected to the former political parties stepped up their efforts in opposition to the regime of Batista. Additionally, angry at the refusal of Batista to consent to new and just elections in the ‘Civic Dialogue’ that he had held with his democratic rivals, The University Student Federation established the secret Directorio Revolucionario, which would assist them to fight Batista’s government more violently and more directly. In Mexico, Castro and his brother brought together the 26th of July’s supporters and members abroad, who engaged themselves in trainin g, collecting arms as well as raising money in preparation to attack Batista (Babun & Triay, 3). On December 2, 1956, in company with 82 others, Castro landed in Cuba using a small yacht called Granma. This was two days behind the schedule and a fighter plane that a naval frigate had set upon unfortunately spotted them, which forced them to dock at a swamp called Playa los Corolados (Babun & Triay, 4).

Federal prison tour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Federal prison tour - Essay Example We however did not visit the whole prison but instead visited the facility containing inmates of smaller crimes and were almost being released. The prison is divided into various different sections named in alphabetical order. Each section holds different types of prisoners. It has a library used to conduct researches, especially for those who want to conduct legal researches and prepare legal documents, and also as a study hub for those prisoners interested in reading. Besides, the library provides unlimited resources for those prisoners undertaking educational programs such as high school diploma for those who did not graduate through high school. Non-English speaking prisoners are required to take English classes and the library comes in handy in this case. The use of the library is generally encouraged since reading combined with recreational activities hugely contributes to an inmate leading a healthy lifestyle as well as developing healthy habits. Talking about recreational activities, like most prisons in the country, the federal prison of Terre Haut provides entertainment to its inmates. The prison has established various entertainment spots all over the facility, for prisoners and guards alike. It is believed that the entertainment alleviates the risk of high-stress levels in inmates and thus reducing suicidal tendencies within the prisoners. One of the most sensitive department in prisons and correctional institutions in the world is always the food department. This prison is no exception. Contrary to what many people may believe, the federal prison in Terre Haut has relatively nice and clean restaurants. The kitchen and food storage areas are not any different. High hygienic standards are adhered to by the kitchen staff in a bid to keep the inmates fine and healthy. Within the facility is a prison textile factory that manufactures blankets and bedspreads. Aside

Problem solving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Problem solving - Essay Example techniques that has been majorly studied, scientifically, involves skin penetration with thin metallic needles which are either manipulated by hands or electricity to bring about pain relief. Acupuncture has been traditionally used in China and other Asian countries; however, it is steadily gaining grounds all over the world in the wake of globalization. NCCAM (2012) confirms this fact by stating that millions of Americans use acupuncture every year to relieve pain. It is evident that acupuncture is being used to relieve pain among patients, but we should ask ourselves whether it is really effective. NCCAM (2012) documents that researchers have studied the effects of acupuncture in managing neck pain, osteoarthritis, shoulder pain, and chronic headache and established that it is an effective pain reliever. This finding defeats the notion that acupuncture is a mere placebo and calls for more clinical referrals and research to improve it. Considering that convectional medicines, p ain killers, have myriad of side effects, some of which may be fatal, it is my opinion that alternative medical practices like acupuncture should be explored and developed to accord medical solutions. Further, research has given robust evidence that acupuncture is useful in pain management, and it is imperative that the same be embraced. However, acupuncturists should take serious precautions to deter its negative effects like allergic reactions and nerve damages. There has to be more research to make acupuncture more effective and to manage its side effects. NCCAM. (2012). Acupuncture; Acupuncture May Be Helpful for Chronic Pain: A Meta-Analysis. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Retrieved from:

Marketing Strategies For Toys 4 U Marketing Essay

Marketing Strategies For Toys 4 U Marketing Essay India, is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. Its rich traditions embedded in the very core of common Indian man, and its large cultural diversity are well known worldwide. The Indian toy industry, as old as this nation itself, has been nurtured and enriched under this intellectually rich background. Indian toys, which are manufactured all over the country, reflect the Indian cultural diversity in the range of items manufactured. India has expertise knowledge regarding toys making , gone are those days were people used to say India is underdeveloped country but now India has developed a lot from the past and started using all new kind of technologies with innovative ideas. The toy industry emphasises on Play with Safety and Learning. II ) A BRIEF HISTORY OF OUR COMPANY : We had a humble beginning in 1978, as a small scale unit U R TOY established at Raichur, a small town in Karnataka(India) by using local raw materials and procuring some vital inputs from Hydrebad, a capital city of Andra Pradesh, a neighbouring state. We employed 9 workers, 4 being women. Initially we marketed our products in our town and neighbouring areas within the vicinity of 100kms. A year later our products were known to the customers in the state of Karnataka and gradually we moved into the neighbouring states and then the entire nation. The Govt of Karnataka recognised our company and honoured us as one of the Best Entrepreneurs of Karnataka which motivated us to enter the national market. By the turn of the century, our company in order to expand, has renominated the Board of Directors, restructured the personnel by appointing designers, researchers, marketing experts, quality control department was also established and marketing strategy was reoriented to suit the need of the hour. For effective production and marketing and business promotion we moved to Mumbai, the Business City of India. Our companys name was changed as Toys 4 U pvt ltd. After moving to Mumbai our business expanded domestically and also overseas. The demand for our toys increased rapidly in leaps and bounds as a result of offering good quality and renovated products. Our neighbouring countries like Srilanka, Pakistan and Bhutan were impressed and our minds opened for International penetration. Our company manufacturers toys from diverse raw materials like plastic, wood, rubber, metal, textile etc different kinds of products like Wooden toys, Teddy bears, Police patrol, Military patrol , Trick stuffs, Boats, Automobile and Locomotive, our automobile include Action set, Pop-up boats, Coin banks, Science fiction, Toy bank,  wolf, Letter box, Huge boats, Mini recycle, Recycled Extra space, Balls, Kit bags, Floor ludo, Trick lock, Puzzler, Magic box, Shock diary, WWE champions toys, Adventurous toys, Robots, Remote control cars and bikes and many more. Our company is making use of Indian skills of master craftsmanship and creative designing and predominantly labour intensive. Our strong points are skilled work force, diverse range of products, focus on innovation and creativity with emphasis on learning and education. being a leading and long established toy making company in India which has major share in domestic and asian toy market, wishes to go global with special penetr ation into the UK toy market, with our high reputation and goodwill in the national and asian market, where we have treated our customers as kings and offer them high quality products at a justified price, without exploiting the customers. We wish to convert all our research findings and also production expertise wish to manufacture innovative and eco-friendly toys and offer them at the UK toy market. III ) MARKET EXPANSION: Now we are more focused to export our products to UK. UK comprises of 4 Main countries viz: 1)England 2)Scotland 3)Wales 4)Northern Ireland. United kingdom or Great Britain is located in Northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is a unitary state consisting of four countries England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales U.K. has a Constitutional Monarchy System . The head of the state is Queen Elizabeth 2. It is a developed country with one of the largest economies in the world- (www.friendzline.com). Data UK England Scotland Wales Northern Ireland Area (km2) 242,514 130,281 77,925 20,732 13,576 Population* 59.8 50.1 5.1 2.9 1.7 (millions) (www.friendzline.com) Our Company wish to reap the benefits of globalisation as participating, in international business is easier, safer and also profitable. Our Government has been promoting exports of toys to our trading partners, the UK being one. The Sports Goods Export Promotion Council (SGEPC), a Government of India sponsored organisation looks after the promotion of exports of Indian toys from India. With our Price competitiveness, quality and Innovative products, we have a strong belief to have effective penetration into the UK market and assured promising future for our toys. The response we received from the visitors at Spielwarenmesse International Toy Fair, the largest toy fair shows in the world, held at Dubai recently has boosted our morale to go international and the feedback we received from the visitors was very positive and our mission to offer toys of global standards was achieved. Hence, we piously hope that our entry into the UK market will yield bountiful results. Our company by going global, can benefit from economies of scale, division of labour and specialisation , extended marketing will help us to spread our risk and also make best use of advanced transportation and communication. as both The UK and India being members of the WTO and staunch followers and staunch believers of globalization philosophy, our company will definitely benefit by spreading our wings into the UK. IV ) ECONOMIC FACTORS WHICH WILL HELP US TO ENTER THE UK MARKET. The buying power of a Britisher is far better than Indian, hence marketing our products will not be a problem. The toy market will be favouring our products as the macro economics variables are showing a positive potential growth, of the entire UK market. The exchange rate stability between Pounds and Rupees is a sign of assured profits for our company and customers in the UK are offered at stabilised prices. As a true follower of WTO norms, both the countries trade policies are not vindictive against each other. Customs imposed on exports and imports will not have remarkable effect on the sale of our toys in the UK. Historically, our country was a colony of Britishers and there has been a lot of exchange taking place in terms of our culture, tradition, and heritage. English is part of our life, hence language barrier is not a major hurdle in pursuing ourselves into the UK market. The International property Rights has assured our brands a safe and smooth sale in the UK market. Thanks to TRIPS(Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights).There is no corruption, nepotism, red tapism which is very important area of cost cutting for our products. Clean and Transparent administration in the UK, efficient bureaucrats and sensible trade transactions, the political stability and political will for stronger trade ties with India is an added booster dose for our company to enter the UK market. The needs of our home market and the UK market are to some extent may vary, as the maturity level of British children are at comparatively lower age, our products must cater to these needs. The UK market is more competitive as top toy makers of the world already in the market. The customers preferences changes very quickly when compared to Indian market preferences. So we must cater to these changes and also we wish to break the products homogeneity. For ex:- Robot toys with command sensors may prove to be a better product for the children of the UK. We should be aware of our competitors product strategy and offer novel products at buyers price without affecting our profits and we should go slow with penetrating pricing to have a say and stay in the market. We are also aware of the need for price cutting if need arises, as we want to grow slowly in our new marketing destination like rural and semi urban areas. V ) TOYS 4 U S MARKETING SRATEGIES ON 4PS OF MARKET. 4 Ps of Marketing- Product Price Promotion Place. Product- So here the product is Toys, our company has many innovative ideas to restructure these toys and attract the customers as much as we can and have an ability to top the chart. We are more concerned about customers needs and wants. Price- Our company is not much aimed to get huge profits, our main aim is to satisfy the customers by rendering them good service with good quality toys. Price varies from one toy to the other but the price of toys is not that expensive, all class of people can afford and buy our products. We try our best to exceed customers expectation and customer satisfaction will be far more than the price they pay for our toys. Promotion- Our Company wish to promote our products through effective Advertising, Direct Marketing, Sales Promotion and Publicity. As we are making our maiden effort in selling toys in the UK market, it is very important to make our product known to everybody in the UK market, which can be done through advertising our products in all means possible. T.V ad is the best way to make the customer know about our company and our toys, more funds are allocated for this area. Advertising about our company and toys in magazines, newspaper and radio is also a important area to create awareness about our product. Direct and net marketing where we will directly contact the customers by telephone, e-mail, newspaper and magazines, will add to promote sales of our products. Place- Our Company is very keen that all the customers in the UK must get our products at their doorsteps, Among all the four Ps which I have discussed above plays a vital role in reaching the customers easily and quickly, Our toys can be bought in all super market, departmental stores and big malls all throughout the UK and even our company wants to exploit untapped markets ( Rural areas, semi urban areas remote and inaccessible areas) VI ) HOW IS FRIENDLY WITH CUSTOMERS. Above all our mission is to keep our customers safe and secure. Toys 4 U manufacturers are very much keen regarding environment, so we are manufacturing eco friendly toys which will not harm the environment. All complaints and suggestions are honoured. Best satisfaction is rendered to all the customers, Customer is a king in the market we the manufacturing units are their saviours. Our team is dedicated and honest to provide A class customer service. Our team strives to find out customers difficulties and problems. Our service to the customers is 24/7 with a toll free number 1800-123454 and e-marketing to solve problems online for the benefit of the customers. Customers can feel free to return the product back if they are not happy with a valid cash paid bill. VII ) SWOT ANNALYSIS OF TOYS 4 U. Strengths- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Our Toys 4 U manufacturing unit in Mumbai (India) is the largest toys manufacturing and selling unit in the nation. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ More than 350 trusted employees. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Our Company is serving since 1978 which is the positive point, 32 years old company with lots of expertise knowledge in toys field. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ It has been popular brand among the people in India and other asian countries. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Our manufacturing company is eco-friendly Save Earth Save People. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Customer service is A-1. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ All our customers are guaranteed with new, different toys and renovated toys. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ People can order or purchase our products online through www.toys4u.com Weakness- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ There are some obsolete and worn-out equipment. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ It is difficult to capture and dominate the foreign market. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ It is hard for the company to gain the No. 1 position in the market. Opportunities- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Arrival of new technologies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Manufacturing and Marketing of  existing product in current and new markets. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Joint ventures and mergers with other companies help us to capture international market. Threats- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Keen and tough competition in the market from Hal-mart, ToysRus, Amazon and others. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Tariffs and taxes keep on changing. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ New player entering into the market. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Television, Computer games, online games and networking sites like Face book, Twitter and Orkut may divert the interest towards toys. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Japanese and Chinese companies manufacture low cost toys and export those in different part of the world. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Increased trade barriers, new rules and regulations. pvt ltd. VIII ) CONCLUSION The success of an entrepreneur depends on his commitment to his enterprise. We are committed to our business and our success story hitherto is a motivating force towards achieving our business goal of having a strong stay in the UK toy market. We have tried our best to understand what the UK customers needs are and how best the UK market has to be catered to, which will also be our top business priority. In converting our dreams into reality we wish to follow a practical approach and reach the destination of the sustained stay in the UK market and gain the confidence of the UK customers. IX ) REFERENCES. Toy market, (2010), available online from the source (www.friendzline.com), [accessed on 28th October 2010]. Toy images,(2010),available online from the source (www.google.com),[accessed on 27th October 2010].

Vectors And Projectiles :: Free Essays

Vectors And Projectiles After successfully completing the first two videos of the Paul Hewitt series, I have been drawn to this course. The third video of the series reviews the concepts of vectors and projectiles. In this video Paul goes over a lot of previously stated formulas. The ideas of how fast or hoe far an object travels are restated. The idea of how fast an object travels is known as its velocity. The velocity is found by finding how far an object travels over a period of time. It may be easier to multiply the pull of gravity, which in a free falling object is ten meters per second accelerating, by the seconds the object remains it the air. The product will result in how fast the object was traveling. The idea of how far an object travels is known as the distance. The distance can be found by multiplying the amount of time an object is in the air by itself and then multiplying the results by five. For example, a rock dropped off a cliff takes five seconds to strike bottom. Multiply five times itself and then by five. The rock was dropped from 125 meters high. My favorite part of this video was when Paul explained about a time he went on a church trip hang gliding. The purpose of the story was to get a point across about dropping a rock off a cliff and being able to determine the distance to the bottom. The humor in this helped me grasp the concept of time. The humor was he dropped the rock and it rolled down because there was not a straight drop. The point he was trying to get was to throw the rock. Not to throw it up or down, but to throw it straight and it would strike the bottom at the same time as it would on a free fall.

A Moral Evaluation of Child Labor in the Philippines in the Perspective of Immanuel Kant Essay

Introduction Children are the prime movers of the country. They are very much endowed with so much potentialities in which may contribute for the betterment of the many. They are indeed really important in everybody’s life not only of their own family but also of their fellow human persons. Every person including the child must be respected and valued in virtue of his/her being a human person. Thus, children must and necessarily be treasured by valuing their own dignity as human persons capable of rationalizing for the betterment of the future. However, in the Philippines; most of the children in the past and even until now are being exploited in many different ways. Every child in this country is somehow is in the state of danger because the child may be abused at anytime, anywhere, and of anyone. Evidently, Philippines is a young country by which most of the people are composed of youth and/or children. By this, Philippines is very vulnerable to any forms of child exploitation. Similarly, one of the most evident forms of child exploitation in the Philippines is the child labor. Child labor is prevalent in the Philippine society. It should be noted that children are abused by forcing them to bare labor at their very young age. They are supposed to be in the classroom to learn and become educated but because of child labor they could be seen in many places working to earn a living. Because of child labor, it is evidently that children at their very young age are dehumanized. Their own inherent dignity has been taken away from them and thus makes children as objects of exploitation. Moreover, the researcher has decided to conduct a study on this matter to find out the reality of this phenomenon. The researcher wants to assess the morality of child labor in the Philippines and to see its moral implications to other moral agents. Through the aid of Immanuel Kant’s ethical concept, the researcher may find philosophical and moral basis of child labor. The philosophy of Kant particularly his Categorical Imperative and it second formulation- Formula of end itself- will be applied in the subject matter. Library research, internet surfing, journals, and other sources related to the study will be used to achieve the main objectives. By this, the study is reliable and substantial in nature. The substantiality of the study focuses on the child labor in the Philippines. Body The Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative clearly states that â€Å"act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law† (Kant, 1964, p. 88). By this very definition of categorical imperative, Kant contends that morality involves universality and necessity. That is, morality should be applicable to all, and the action must and necessarily be done. Kant distinguishes between two imperatives- categorical and hypothetical. The latter for Kant cannot be the standard of morality since it only applies to some and thus cannot be universalized. It comes to man’s selfish inclination since it is only a â€Å"necessary as a means to the attainment of something else that one wills† (Kant, 1964, p.82) and therefore this cannot be accepted. On the one hand, categorical imperative derive from rational inclination where in reason is that which makes the categorical imperative universal. For Kant, categorical imperative is based on human reason because it must be â€Å"entirely a priori, since here we do not enjoy the advantage of having its reality given in experience and so if being obliged merely to explain, and not to establish, its possibility† (Kant, 1964, p. 87). This, however, does not mean that Kant totally rejected the consequence of any action to determine whether the action is morally right or wrong but he only emphasize the rational faculty of man to act morally which is universal and necessary. Kant further expound his moral philosophy by presenting the four formulations derive from categorical imperative but only the second formulation shall be discussed in the succeeding section because it is the focal point which is needed in the study, formula of end itself. Formula of End Itself. This second formula of Kant stresses the value of human person. It states that â€Å"act in such a way that you will always treat humanity whether in your own person or in the person of any other never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end† (Kant, 1964, p. 96). In this formula, Kant argues that any person should not be used as a mere tool or instrument for the attainment of something else. Every human person then has inherent value regardless of his/her culture, physical stature, nationality, and the like. Thus, every human person has dignity. He added, human person should not be used as a mean because of the person’s rationality. It is his/her rational faculty that which makes man a man and thus should be respected and developed further. Human person is always treated as end because his/her â€Å"rational nature exists as an end in itself† (Kant, 1964, p. 96). Kant explains his contention about man’s inherent dignity by distinguishing inherent value from instrumental value. The latter primarily are the things which do not have innate value such as money, food, and any material beings. Things such as those are really intended to the service for the human person. They are just the means and not the ends of themselves. â€Å"Beings whose existence depend, not on our will, but on nature, have nonetheless, if they are non-rational beings only a relative value as means and consequently called things† (Kant, 1964, p. 86) as Kant says. Thus, it cannot be that the things around us will be regarded as an end for they could only have value when they are being used but after they are being used, then their value is lost. So to say, things only have temporal value. In contrary, human persons are â€Å"persons because their nature already marks them out as an ends in themselves- that is, as something which ought not to be used merely as means- and consequently imposes to that extent a limit on all arbitrary treatment of them (and is an object of reverence)† (Kant, 1964, p. 96). Here, Kant firmly justifies his contention on human value by reiterating the nature of man, rationality, as the prime factor by which every man should be considered as the finality of all actions. Man, in virtue of his/her reason, is the end and not as a mean which leads to his/her dignity. Kant emphasizes more this second formulation by saying: Persons, therefore, are not merely subjective ends whose existence as an object of our actions has a value for us: they are objective ends- that is, things whose existence is in itself an end, and indeed an end such that in its place we can put no other end to which they should serve simply as means; for unless this is so, nothing at all of absolute value would be found anywhere. But if all value were conditioned- that is contingent- then no supreme principle could be found for reason at all. (Kant, 1964, p. 96). Nevertheless, Kant presented in the second formulation of categorical imperative, formula of end itself, the value of man (man’s dignity) which is justified by man’s nature that is capable of reasoning. Thus, through and through, man regardless of anything has the absolute value of being as man higher than any other worldly beings. Child Labor The innocence of the child simply makes the child as a child. No other beings could have an equal innocence of the child except the child itself. Child’s innocence is very unique characteristic. It is self evident to every child that he/she possesses such quality. Since the child is born, innocence has already been inherited by the child. Innocence is not given to a child but it is already in every child without the influence from the outside. This innocence is equal among other children regardless of child’s parental background, physical appearance, or culture. This equality is evidently true for the fact that every child is born naked, dependent, and innocent. Thus, every child, indeed, is innocent. In the same way, this child’s innocence is not static which stagnates on that particular stage but child also develop towards maturity. Every child has innate potentials and capacities to become adult. The child does not remain as a child forever but he/she is always going towards adulthood. However, most of the children especially in developing countries are being exploited and abused. Children at very young age have already engaged to dangerous and oppressive labor. In the Philippines, it is prevalent that most of the children are working to earn money. Children in such case could be seen in the streets, factories, or agricultural heavy activities. Definitely, children of those cases have bet their lives into death. Summing up these kinds of oppression of children, it water down to child labor. Child labor is a perennial societal problem not only of the other countries but also of this country- Philippines. Basically, children are expected to enjoy their childhood and should be in the school so as to develop their selves and discover their identity and skills. Childhood is a complex stage of personhood where the child is starting to grow up with dependency to other persons especially of the children’s parents. Children should be protected and nurtured because most of the children are exploited in many ways. This exploitation has become real because of child labor. Child labor is so rampant in the Philippines. Child labor prevents the natural and proper development of children. Thus, child labor has become a threat to every child’ innocence. The Child Child, according to the law, is defined as person below eighteen (18) years of age. Anyone who haven’t yet attain the age of eighteen may considered as a child or youth. Nevertheless, that person below eighteen years has no civil obligation in the state. But when a person has attained the age of eighteen, â€Å"he/she is no longer considered a child and becomes automatically entitled to do all acts of civil life†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Diokno, 1998). By this, a person then has the duty to follow the civil law and become responsible for any misconduct. Moreover, the child has been defined in a broader sense in conformity to R. A. 7610 (Child Protection Law) which states that, â€Å"persons who below eighteen (18) years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care of themselves or protect themselves from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation, or discrimination because of physical or mental disability or condition† (Diokno, 1998). It should be noted that the term child in this Child Protection Law is in wider perspective because child refers not only to physical aspect of a person which could be seen empirically but it includes the inner dimension of the person. The law states that a child is primarily be classified as incapable or less capable to protect itself because of disabilities from any harmful influence or oppression. Thus, it does not only imply that person over eighteen years of age may consider as adult or not anymore a child. This law is trying to emphasize the innocence and dependency of a person to persons outside itself. In addition, every child is endowed with rights of the society. Child at his/her young age must enjoy his/her childhood by giving to the utmost his/her needs as a child. The child must be provided with his/her basic needs such as food, shelter, clothes, care, and education. Because the child is really dependent on others, it is imperative to care, protect, feed, and educate such child. These are important in the child’s development towards maturity. Thus, â€Å"parents [should] go into all sorts of sacrifice to provide the highest educational opportunities for their children† (Andres & Ilada-Andres, 2005, p. 34). Child Work vs. Child Labor To understand the oppression happening in most of the children in the Philippines, it is better to distinguish and clarify these terms- child work and child labor. Child labor, as defined by the ILO-IPEC, is work situations where children are compelled to work on regular basis to earn a living for themselves and their families, and as a result are disadvantaged educationally and socially; where children work in conditions that are exploitative and damaging to their health and to their physical and mental development; where children are separated from their families, often deprived of educational and training opportunities; where children are forced to lead prematurely adult lives. (Diokno, 1998). This definition implies then that any work which could harm and will destroy the development of a child, either physically or mentally or both, including his/her social and emotional aspects is regarded as child labor. In addition, work that which could hinder the child’s education and his/her better future. Child labor is really an illness of the society which annihilates the child familial growth and that which really â€Å"deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (About Child Labor, 2002). Child labor, nevertheless, is a form of injustice in the society which needs to be responded by the authority and most especially â€Å"for those willing to stake their time and efforts to save the country’s children† (Diokno, 1998). Child work, on the one hand, is very much different to child labor. Although, both of them have similarity because they are both engaging with work, child work deals with any activities which do not hinder the well-development of a child. Work that does not maltreat and exploit the child is classified as just. Generally, if the work does not affect the development of a child’s body and holistic dimensions, and also his/her education then that work could help the child and contributes positively (About child labor, 2002). Why Child Labor? There are certain reasons on why child labor is continually happening in the Philippines. Child labor does not emerge out of the blue but it has come into reality brought by various problems. Thus, child labor is not the only problem in the Philippines but it becomes the result of combining societal problems. Basically, there are four prime reasons which cause this problem according to Jose W. Diokno (1998) and these are poverty, tradition and culture, educational opportunity, and economy. The Philippines is one of the poorest countries in the world. Poverty has been regarded as the root-cause of many social problems in the country including child labor. Because of poverty, a big number of Filipino families are living in slums areas with limited food. Their hunger, which is needed to be satisfied, is pushing the families to work in any ways including their children. Thus, children cannot refuse to do so but â€Å"to satisfy basic requirements† (Diokno, 1998). Although parents should work and earn a living for their children, their money is insufficient to sustain their needs and thus the parents has to decide that their children â€Å"must work to help in their family’s struggle for survival† (Diokno, 1998) otherwise, the whole family will suffer from hunger. In Filipino cultural context, children are expected to work at their young age because it has been practiced by the people in the past. It has been a â€Å"centuries-old tradition that the child must work through solidarity with the family† (Diokno, 1998) as a sign of respect and obedience to the Filipino culture. Filipinos have the kind of mentality that a child must work â€Å"to compensate†¦ the economic burden that he/she represents and to share in the maintenance of his/her family† (Diokno, 1998). So to say, children have become the burden in the family. Moreover, every child at his/her young age has the responsibility to take share with the family’s needs especially of its financial matters. Thus, Filipino culture has regarded the children’s work â€Å"as a phase of socialization where future roles are learned and working to share in the family is seen as training† (Diokno, 1998). Lack of educational opportunity is one of the reasons of child labor it deprives children to learn and develop their skills as persons. Parents usually prefer not to send their children in school because of family’s home far distance to the school, opportunity to earn more money through children’s labor, or to the expensive cost of schooling. Nevertheless, family could not take this kind of education system because â€Å"poor schooling has little credibility†¦ since it does not promote economic improvement† (Diokno, 1998) in the family. Education is important yet the kind of education in the Philippines most of the time does not give learning quality to them and thus cannot contribute to be competitive individuals. Finally, the economy of the country has influenced child labor. The fact that the country is mostly composed of young people, the economy demands young workers. The economic sectors look for more profit and thus they employed children to work so as to pay minimally. Employers prefer to hire children because â€Å"they represent docile work face, which could be hired and replaced at a fraction of adult wages† (Diokno, 1998) that which is an advantage for the employer. Children could easily be exploited because they cannot refuse the opportunity to help their family through labor. The economy does not only give good opportunities for progress but it also deteriorates the potentials and personhood of every child engages in â€Å"hazardous work† (About Child Labor, 2002). Exploitation of Children Nevertheless, child labor is a perennial issue in the Philippines which slowly destroy the humanness of every child. This ethical issue is continually growing as the local government and international organizations are trying to eliminate this problem. The United Nations (2008, p. 241) has recognized the value of children in particular as it issued the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which states that all human beings are born equal in dignity and rights. By this, it recognizes the inherent value of human persons including the children. Despite the attempts of the public and private organizations to terminate this societal problem, child labor is still do exist at the present. Some of these forms of child labor in the Philippines have been identified by the International Labor Organization (ILO). It has been reported that children are abused in agricultural works such as the â€Å"sakada,† domestic work where children are victims of child trafficking and physically, verbally, and/or sexual abuse. Manufacture where children work as adult employees with heavy labor, scavenger and street children because of extreme poverty, mining and quarrying where children work dangerously as they unravel minerals inside the mountains. Unconditional worst forms where children are very much exploited by recruiting them as to become child soldiers training them to fight in the battle field and young girls are said to be sex slaves which contribute to prostitution minors (What kind of work children do? , 2012). Analysis Human person in virtue of hi/her reason has innate dignity. This is a basic truth which man holds as he/she exists in the world. To live in the world without dignity is futile. Man cannot live having without value to himself/herself and to others. His/her dignity gives man the right to be respected and protected. Man is quite different to other beings such as the material objects, plants, and animals precisely because man has a rational nature. Without it, man is perhaps the valueless being. So, man in nature is a dignified being. Because the term man is used in this in general sense, it encompasses any human person including the children. Children are also human persons and thus they have rational faculty which in return causes their dignity. Every child, therefore, has inherent dignity. Child is, nonetheless, a mature rational individual but it does not compel the dignity of the child because the child even in that stage of childhood has the mind which continually develops as the child is going toward maturity. Reasoning of a child may differ to one another but it remains the dignity to the child because of the child’s innate capacity of reasoning and rationalizing. Thus, child is always endowed with reason which makes the child a dignified person. The dignity of a child must be respected, protected, and preserved. However, child labor makes the child undignified being. It is said that labor is different from work although both of them have similarity because the former pertains to involvement in economy while the latter is a general notion of any human activities. Human labor in a sense is not bad in itself because â€Å"through labor, man realizes and humanizes himself; †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Timbreza, 2008, p. 94). By this, labor also makes man a man because it distinguishes man to other beings. Although reason primarily causes the distinction of man to other beings, labor has also become a factor which causes man to realize his/her humanness. Thus, labor does not only give negative implication but also good realization. However, child labor, although labor in form, is not the same with the true meaning of the word labor. In this context, child labor does not humanize children but it certainly dehumanizes every child. Child labor exploits and abuses the child in terms of heavy work which greatly affects the child’s natural development. Child labor is a form of oppression and it does not give any value to the child. Thus, child’s dignity has been taken away because of child labor. In Kant’s perspective, child’s dignity is justified through his second formulation of categorical imperative- formula of end itself. His contention is that any human person in virtue of his rationality must be regarded as the end of all actions. Man should not be used as a mean to acquire something else. All action should be done by considering man as an end. Similarly, every child, regardless of anything except of his/her reason, must be regarded as an end in itself. Reason will tell us that child’s dignity is important. It is morally right, universal, and necessary that the child’s dignity must be promoted. And any inhuman activity which destroys the dignity of the child must be eradicated especially child labor. Child labor, nevertheless, promotes oppressions and exploitations in which make the child a valueless human being. Such reasons of child labor like poverty, culture, educational opportunity, and demand of economy are nonetheless insufficient and unjustifiable reasons for the dignity of every child does not depend on these. Poverty is a perennial societal problem in the Philippines and this issue is not new to everybody. By extreme poverty, the family members, including the child, are push to bare labor even though it is not yet proper to the child to do so. A child engaging in hard labor is not yet proper because the child is supposed to be in the home or in the school so as to develop himself/herself and eventually realizes his/her meaningful existence. It cannot be that the child labor is morally right because of poverty which gives way to a child earning money for the family. Child here is not the end of labor precisely because labor is intended to get away from poverty but not for the sake of child’s benefit. It uses the child to overcome poverty rather than dignifying the child without poverty. In the midst of poverty, a child must be dignified as a human person. The parents should sustain the needs of the family and the community should protect the dignity of every child. Culture and tradition, on the one hand, must not dehumanize the child. Every child must not be enslaved by the culture. Culture also involves a matter of choice and thus anything which destroys the dignity of a child must be avoided and stopped. People are the makers of certain culture, and then people also have the capacity to change culture through man’s rationality. Human person’s rational faculty could obliterate such acquired and practiced culture and tradition. Nevertheless, culture in a way makes use of the child as a mean in order to continue such culture and not for the dignity of the child. This cannot be morally right that the child’s dignity be destroyed because of culture. It is irrational to follow certain culture which dehumanizes a child. Lack of educational opportunities and the demand of the economy, in the same way, make the child undignified human person in a way that they affect the natural development of a child. Lack of educational opportunities compels the right of the child to learn and to know his/her identity and demand of economy, in the same way, exploits the innocence of every child. They are both factors which give nevertheless worthless value to every child. In the end, children’s dignity has been destroyed because of child labor. Child labor does not respect, protect, and nurture the humanness of every child. Children in a sense have become mere objects to attain certain goal. They became instruments to alleviate poverty, maintain culture and tradition, victims of poor educational system, and exploited by economic interest. Child labor treated every child in a subjective end by which inclined by selfish interest. Objective end then must be realized and should be done so as to give dignity to every child. Summary and Conclusion The subject matter of this research study is about the morality of child labor. Through the second formulation of categorical imperative by Immanuel Kant, child labor has been assessed. The definition and meaning of the term â€Å"child† also has been presented that which aging below eighteen (18) years and above yet holistically incapable to protect and dependent to other people because of mental or physical disabilities. The distinction between child labor and child work has been discussed also. After which, child labor then has been evaluated that which hinders the natural development of a child. The reasons of child labor have been discussed in this study such as poverty, culture and tradition, lack of educational opportunity, and the demand of economy. Kant’s ethical ideas have been presented and discussed particularly the categorical imperative and its second formulation formula of end itself. Finally, the combining of facts and theory has been discussed in the analysis. In conclusion, child labor through evaluation using the second formulation of categorical imperative- end itself- of Kant is certainly unethical because it humiliate the dignity of every child. Child labor is the result of other societal problems and thus it should be answered. Certainly, child labor in effect gives an unethical implication in every child. It is morally wrong that the dignity of every child should be taken away because of child labor. Child, in virtue of being a human person, is always endowed with gift of rationality by which makes every child unique and higher than any other temporal beings. Rationality gives the child to have the right to be respected. Child’s dignity is innate in him/her thus it should be protected. Indeed, child labor is morally wrong because it primarily dehumanizes every child by destroying his/her dignity. Bibliography Primary: Kant, I. (1948). Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals (H.J. Paton, Trans. ). New York: Harper and Row Publishers, Inc. Kant, I. (1993). Grounding for the metaphysics of moral: On supposed right to lie because of philanthropic concerns. In J. W. Ellington (3rd ed. and Trans. ). Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hacket Publishing Company, Inc. Secondary: Andres, T. D. & Ilada-Andres, P. L. B. (2005). Understanding the Filipino (8th ed. ). Quezon City: New Day Publishing. Timbreza, F. T. (2008). Filipino philosophy today. Kalayaan Avenue Diliman, Quezon City: Kalayaan Press Mktg. Ent. Inc. United Nations. (2008). Universal declaration of human rights: Dignity and justice for all of us. New York: UN Department of Publication. On-line: About child labor. (February 24, 2012). International Labor Organization. Retrieved March 2, 2012, from http://www. ilo. org/ipec/fects/lang–en/index. htm Diokno, J. W. (1998). Part one: Understanding child labor. Working Together Against Child Labor: Philippine Campaign. Retrieved March 2, 2012, from http://ipecphils. tripod. com/pillaws/intro. htm What kinds of work do children do? (2012). Retrieved March 2, 2012, from http://www. knowledgelabor. org/child labor/kinds of child labor. php.

Free Essays on Refugees And Asylum Seekers

MIGRANTS: Since the beginning of human society, people have moved from place to place, from region to region, from country to country. Some travelled by foot, others by motor vehicle or boat or plane. Every country in the world has experienced people coming and going at one time or another. Today, about one hundred million people are making the choice to leave the country of their birth and live somewhere else. Perhaps they can get a better job in another country perhaps they have married a person from another country perhaps their health demands a different climate for their well-being. Their reasons are many and varied. It is said that one in every hundred people in the world today does not live in the country of their birth. Migration is nothing new. Australia is a nation of migrants. Apart from Australia’s indigenous peoples, our ancestors all came to Australia from other countries by boat or plane. Australia has attracted migrants from the four corners of the globe at every stage of non-indigenous settlement since 1770. Despite such policies as the White Australia Policy’, Australia, like many other countries, has welcomed migrants, those who've come across the seas’ because this country needed a bigger population for its very survival as a nation. While the benefits of migration are incalculable, every country has the right to regulate its intake of migrants. Like most countries, Australia sets criteria for all people wishing to migrate and live here. REFUGEES: There is another group of people who come to our shores. These people are not migrants. They are refugees. Their situation is very different. They have fled their homeland because they had no choice. Sometimes war has been the catalyst for their moving. Sometimes they leave because of fear of being tortured or killed. When refugees migrate’ their transport’ is often harsh and terrifying. Some clamber over barbed wire fences some swim shark infes... Free Essays on Refugees And Asylum Seekers Free Essays on Refugees And Asylum Seekers MIGRANTS: Since the beginning of human society, people have moved from place to place, from region to region, from country to country. Some travelled by foot, others by motor vehicle or boat or plane. Every country in the world has experienced people coming and going at one time or another. Today, about one hundred million people are making the choice to leave the country of their birth and live somewhere else. Perhaps they can get a better job in another country perhaps they have married a person from another country perhaps their health demands a different climate for their well-being. Their reasons are many and varied. It is said that one in every hundred people in the world today does not live in the country of their birth. Migration is nothing new. Australia is a nation of migrants. Apart from Australia’s indigenous peoples, our ancestors all came to Australia from other countries by boat or plane. Australia has attracted migrants from the four corners of the globe at every stage of non-indigenous settlement since 1770. Despite such policies as the White Australia Policy’, Australia, like many other countries, has welcomed migrants, those who've come across the seas’ because this country needed a bigger population for its very survival as a nation. While the benefits of migration are incalculable, every country has the right to regulate its intake of migrants. Like most countries, Australia sets criteria for all people wishing to migrate and live here. REFUGEES: There is another group of people who come to our shores. These people are not migrants. They are refugees. Their situation is very different. They have fled their homeland because they had no choice. Sometimes war has been the catalyst for their moving. Sometimes they leave because of fear of being tortured or killed. When refugees migrate’ their transport’ is often harsh and terrifying. Some clamber over barbed wire fences some swim shark infes...

The Study of Capitalism essays

The Study of Capitalism essays The Industrial Revolution, Karl Marx The powers that were in place for over a millenium were violently shifting. The 19th century was a time filled with revolution The structure of western society changed forever because of the Industrial Revolution. New technological advances in communications, transportation The Industrial Revolution was a time of invention. The creation of the steam engine or the atmospheric engine as it was originally named, changed transportation and mass production forever. The introduction of steam power replaced human and animal power in the production of goods The impacts the Industrial Revolution had on social thought can be seen through the creation of new social classes. The modern working class, or proletariat began to emerge. Workers no longer owned their tools, they had little property, and generally had to exchange their labor for a money wage. Mechanical power brought a great increase in worker efficiency, which made goods abundant and cheap. Through this the standard of living improved in much of the world. In the new technological times there was a need for the specialization...

How does the theme loneliness between the main characters differ in Essay

How does the theme loneliness between the main characters differ in the power and the glory and the quiet american by Graham Greene - Essay Example In the sorrowful and bleak context of â€Å"the Quiet American† and â€Å"the Power and the Glory† the theme of loneliness is handled to expose the bare nature of life. Fowler in his fifties is a drug addicted middle aged British correspondence in Vietnam. He is in love with a beautiful young Vietnamese girl Phuong who eludes with Pyle, a young American. Indeed amid this triangle love grows to alleviate the pain of loneliness. Fowler is detached from his wife for some years and his life is sagged with the burdens of blood, death and the destructions of the war. Here love plays the role of a soothing factor of loneliness. Fowler’s loneliness appears to crave for love of the orphan as a soothing bypass of his inner suffering. Even then the bleakness of the novel facilitates to the dawning of the question whether mercy of God for his creature man as religion asserts is believable enough or if life is meaningful enough to live or even all the institutions and systems concerned with human life are worthy enough to obey, when man thrown amid the crunch and crisis of this world has to struggle to find the way-out himself by his own laws. Incontrovertibly the two novels â€Å"The Power and the Glory† and â€Å"The Quiet American† deal with the interactions among politics, religion and common life of human beings, but in the two novels Graham Greene’s treatment of ‘loneliness’ sets their tone of these interactions on the premise that man is too lonely in his lonely path of life to receive any sympathy from others for his pain and agony. Man himself is to take care of his own wound and agony. Greene is always aware of the fact that Man’s pain and suffering are further stimulated by his loneliness and vice-versa. Greene’s characters are apparently modern; they suffer from the crunches between their belief and disbelief in God, duty and desires, individual and ideals, and sometimes between individual and the society. These crunches are

Politics of the Middle East Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Politics of the Middle East - Essay Example Historically, governments throughout the Arab world has been structured according to Islamic tradition and law in one form or another. This dates back to the Constitution of Medina, which was established by the Prophet Muhammad himself. This constitution provides the framework for Islamic tradition. The Prophet Muhammad is a revered figure and, while this establishment of a constitution did not imply written government law, it served to form the foundation for Muslim culture world wide. This culture has existed for centuries, and remains to this day. As mankind advances intellectually and technologically, however, the Arab Spring is an example of an increasing frustration with long standing values and principles that have remained in place across generations. It must be noted that the Arab Spring is not a fight against Islam. On the contrary, it is a fight for more individual freedoms and rights and a gradual loosening of cultural restrictions that have been in place since the time o f the Prophet. This needs to be balanced with a desire to maintain a strong Islamic faith, which when coupled with cultural norms, can prove quite difficult to do. From the foundation of Islam, much of the Arab world was tribal based. There were multiple tribes and families represented, and Muhammad saw Islam as a way to bring them all together under a common religious banner. This Constitution, therefore, was the first formal agreement amongst all of the tribes represented in the region, and actually led the way to the formation of the first Islamic state in the region.

SLP 1 MGT - 491 STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Essay

SLP 1 MGT - 491 STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - Essay Example All the steps involved in formulating a strategic hiring process will be discussed in details. This analysis will be of importance in my future career as a Human Resource Manager either employed by an organization or being self-employed. The first step in the hiring process is identifying a vacancy and evaluating the needs of that vacant position. Vacant positions may be created due to growth demands of the organization, an employee quitting the job or the need for a specialized service. Once a vacant position is identified; the HR will require revisiting the organizational goals so that a proper evaluation of the kind of person required is done. Evaluation is guided by the current and future demands of the post and the overall long-term and short-term goals of the organization (Arthur, 2012). This assessment helps the HR manager to identify the competency required of the person to be hired. Important details such as tasks to be completed and employee’s work hours are also determined based on the post evaluation. Once the HR has identified the vacant position and has come up with the requirements for the position, the next step is the preparation of a post description. The description of a position determines the kind of people who will be attracted. A job description creates the first impression to a potential employee. A good position description should include the responsibilities of the employee, and this document can be used later to access the performance of the hired employee. Moreover, it guides the training and career improvement programs that the hired employee will undergo after hiring. The general information to be presented to the prospective interviews will include payroll title, salary and name of the department. Other special requirements such as a driving license and the BFOQ’s will depend on the kind of position in question. A description of the purpose of the position will include details such as specific roles, position duration

Student Values Essay Example for Free

Student Values Essay Encarta defines Values as the accepted principles or standards of an individual or a group. The University of Phoenix has clearly defined these standards for each student in the student handbook. As a student at the University of Phoenix, there are many values that I find extremely important. I have narrowed it down to three for discussion in this paper: Promoting the University of Phoenixs Mission Statement; Consistent Attendance; and Participation in Learning Teams. According to the University Of Phoenix, its mission is to educate working adults to develop the knowledge and skills that will enable them to achieve their professional goals, improve the productivity of their organizations, and provide leadership and service to their communities (University Of Phoenix, 2005, p. 2). To fulfill this mission, the University of Phoenix states it will: Facilitate cognitive and affective student learning, develop competence in the communication, critical thinking, collaboration, and information utilization; provide instruction that bridges the gap between theory and practice; to use technology to create effective modes and means of instruction; improve the teaching/learning system, curriculum, instruction, learning resources, counseling and student services by assessing student learning; foster a spirit of innovation that focuses on providing academic quality, service, excellence, and convenience to the working adult; and to generate the financial resources necessary to support the Universitys mission (University Of Phoenix, 2005, p. 2). To paraphrase from the handbook, our responsibilities as students states that we act ethically with one another (students, faculty, University staff); welcome the contributions of not only students, but faculty and staff members in creating an atmosphere of respect and recognition; foster a productive learning atmosphere; constructively accepting and providing feedback; identify individual and professional values of ourselves and others; show independence and direction in the conclusion of group/individual learning objectives; Be accountable for our actions (communication, interactions); recognize that conflicts/resolutions between individuals/groups are necessary to the team learning process; preserve confidentiality and privacy of personal or professional information being communicated; accountability for group achievements from working collaboratively in the learning process; adhere to the University principles on plagiarism/academic cheating; observe all laws and adhere to the University policies. In order to support the Universitys mission, we, as students, must follow certain values during our studies at the University of Phoenix. Without these values, we would not be able to uphold the Universitys mission. Personally, I uphold the mission statement by participating to the fullest degree possible, putting forth my best efforts as a student, and maintaining a high degree of ethical standards. I also find regular class attendance an important value, as a University of Phoenix Student. Whether it is traditional, online or direct study, class attendance is mandatory and essential for effective learning. Since we are online students, class participation is extremely important. Dr. Wilson states that Participation is very important online. You will be expected to participate four days a week in several different discussions and to contribute at least two substantive discussion messages on each of those four days (Wilson, 2006, p7). Because our class is based on the Active Learning Model, our classroom is a dynamic learning arena. As stated in the University Catalog, the model is based first on the assumption that the learners active involvement in the learning process is essential to good practice. Thus, University of Phoenix classrooms are intended to be dynamic learning spaces (University Of Phoenix, 2005, p. 13). For this reason, it is imperative that classes not be missed or we would not be able to participate in the active learning environment. Another value that is conducive to learning is the development of the Learning Team. A Learning Team is a small group of students, ranging from three to six people (from different parts of the country or world) that is crucial to our learning environment. Learning Teams are an essential design element in the Universitys teaching and learning model through which students develop the ability to collaborate ? an ability expected of employees in information-age organizations and one of the Universitys primary learning goals (University Of Phoenix, 2005, p. 14). The Learning Team forces us to work effectively and efficiently. The team must work together in order to complete the assigned tasks. Working in groups also teaches us how to work in diverse groups in the real-world. In conclusion, the values I have listed only scratch the surface of the value system. Values are a part of us and society as a whole. They may relate to how each of us views the world around us or may be the basis for the laws that govern us. Without values, we could be living in a world that would not be able to distinguish between what is right and what is wrong. References University of Phoenix (2005). University of Phoenix Catalog 2005-2006. : . Wilson, T. (2006). COM 526 Syllabus. : .